Samples to take

This should be single default

With any investigation it helps to be mindful of the analytical process at the sampling stage.

As ever, you will want to take a representative sample (see the sampling part of the Knowledge Base section for advice on sampling procedures). Although when investigating a failure or a contaminant it may also be worthwhile to take more targeted samples (e.g. before and after filters, at bottom of tank, at specific points in the system or times in the operation cycle, etc.).

If you wish to identify debris collected from the system, perhaps from the bottom of the sump, from a sampling point or from a filter housing, consider also reserving for analysis the filter element itself. Where a debris sample is to be tested also take a standard oil sample from the system, as not only will you want to identify the debris, but also to know how prevalent this material is in the oil or fuel system.

You should also consider taking the following supplementary samples:

• Samples of virgin lubricants to establish lubricant properties and additive baselines. This is especially important if no such sample has been supplied to the lab previously.
• Samples of possible contaminants, other lubricants in the area, process fluids/powders, environmental contaminants, seals, hoses, etc.
• Samples from similar systems, if not routinely sampled. This can help establish what is normal or to spot issues developing in other units.

It is also important to take a sufficient volume of sample for all the potential testing required. Some of the bulk property tests require significant quantities of oil (e.g. Foaming Characteristics needs ~600ml, more if repeat measurements are to be possible). If possible, take extra sample volume, as more tests may become necessary once the initial panel is completed.